Agent and Robot Architectures
- Breve - Braitenberg Vehicles simulator.
http://www.spiderland.org/breve/
- Recommended book: Vehicles: Experiments in Synthetic Psychology by Valentino Braitenberg (MIT Press, 1986).
Slides from Robotics Tutorial by Dr. Joe Saunders:
week 1
- Other suggested robotics books:
- Introduction to AI Robotics by Robin Murphy (MIT Press, 2001).
- Behavior-based Robotics by Ronald C. Arkin (MIT Press, 1998).
Cellular Automata
Since you can program, you can easily write your own cellular automata engines for Game of Life and other cellular automata rules.
Here are some very nice open-source implementations:
- Golly, a cross-platform system supporting Conway's Game of LIfe and other Cellular Automata, including the von Neumann self-replicator.
- Self-Replication loops in Cellular Space: Byl, Langton, Chou/Reggia, and Sayama self-replicating loops.
- Source Code for William Flake's book The Computational
Beauty of Nature (MIT Press, 2000):
http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/FLAOH/cbnhtml/source.html
See "ca" for Cellular Automata, "hp" for Hodge-Podge Machine.
Swarm Intelligence
- Star Logo, a language developed for kids, useful for
studing Swarm Inteligence.
http://education.mit.edu/starlogo/
-
NetLogo
EVOLUTION
- Some definitional slides on
Evolution: [html]
COMPUTATIONAL MORPHOGENESIS
L-Systems:
L-Systems Tutorial and
L-Parser Software
The Algorithmic Beauty of
Plants book on-line, P. Prusinkiewicz and A. Lindenmayer (Springer, 1990).
Diffusion-Reaction Systems:
Hans Meinhardt's webpage and demo programs
Modelling Biological Pattern Formation book on-line by Hans Meinhardt (Academic Press, 1982).
Morphogenesis of Cellular Slime Mould Dictyostelium discoideum
using 2-layer Glazier-Graner CA model and underlying excitable medium)
by Stan Marée. See his PhD thesis
From Pattern Formation to Morphogenesis (Utrecht Univ., 2000)
EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION
- Here is genetic algorithms tutorial with java applets and
a traveling salesman problem example:
http://www.obitko.com/tutorials/genetic-algorithms/
Thinking through the tutorial will help you understand GAs
with some concrete examples in applets, including the travelling
salesman problem and some examples of GA encodings ("representation
problem" -- tree encodings illustrated in the tutorial are
used in Genetic Programming). Some of the
applets let you can set different kinds of crossover,
mutation and selection operators, and different mutation and
crossover rates. Have Fun!
- Here is a more advanced
genetic algorithms tutorial by Darrell Whitley. (If the
link doesn't work click here instead).
- Genesis (GA software in C)
- The "genesis" program (by J. J. Grefenstette) for a genetic algorithm
(GA) operating on fixed-length character strings is here: genesis.tar .
- documentation, installation instructions, and examples:
[genesis.txt]
[genesis.ps]
This is Genetic Algorithm engine in C that
compiles under unix/linux (maybe other systems). Documentation
is in genesis.txt. You can write your own function in C to
compute fitness and use genesis to setup the GA and parameters,
run it, logging performance information
(see documentation for examples).
- Karl Sims's papers (Creatures), images, videos and RealVideo interview
- Tierra:
- Differentiated Multicellularity
- NetTeirra:
-
Ray, T. S. 1998. Selecting Naturally for Differentiation: preliminary evolutionary results. Complexity, 3(5): 25-33. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[PDF at publisher (153 K)]
-
Ray, T. S. and Joseph Hart. 1998 Evolution of Differentiated Multi-threaded Digital Organisms. In: Artificial Life VI proceedings, C. Adami, R. K. Belew, H. Kitano, and C. E. Taylor [eds.], 295-304. The MIT Press, Cambridge. Download entire document in MSWord format.
- Origins of Differentiated Multicellularity and Evolutionary Transitions in Individuality
Sept 2005, EEB Noon Seminar, Tucson. Life History Evolution and the Origin of Multicellularity by Richard E. Michod
- Self-Replication and Self-Reproduction
Nicolas Oros & Chrystopher L. Nehaniv, F-Sexyloop paper, 2009
Self-Replication Applet by Eli Batchmutsky
Asynchronous version: Asyncrhonous Adaptation of Self-Replication Applet by C L Nehaniv